1. Chanda: will; zeal; aspiration
2. Viriya: energy; effort; exertion; perseverance
3. Citta: thoughtfulness; active thought; dedication
4. Vimamsa: investigation; examination; reasoning; testing
1. Dana: giving; generosity; charity
2. Piyavaca: kindly speech; convincing speech
3. Atthacariya: useful condect; rendering services; life of service; doing good
4. Samanattata: even and equal treatment; equality consisting in impartiality, participation and behaving oneself property in all circumstances